Warner Records Inc. (formerly Warner Bros. Records Inc. until 2019) is an American record label.A subsidiary of the Warner Music Group, it is headquartered in Los Angeles, California. It was founded on March 19, 1958, as the recorded music division of the American film studio Warner Bros.. Artists who have recorded for Warner Records include Madonna, Prince, Goo … Ron Perry is an American music executive. Since January 2018, Perry serves as the Chairman & CEO of Columbia Records. [1] Columbia is home to Adele, Beyoncé, Bob Dylan, Bruce Springsteen, Celine Dion, Daft Punk, Barbra Streisand, Billy Joel, AC/DC, Harry Styles, Pharrell, John Mayer, Tyler, the Creator and many of the world's most iconic ... John Mayer announced Friday that he’s leaving Columbia Records, the label that has been his home since his debut album came out in 2001.The surprising declaration comes during a lull in a ...And we’ve played a pioneering role in music history, from establishing the first-ever music label to inventing the flat disc record. We’ve nurtured some of music’s most iconic artists and produced some of the most influential recordings of all time. Visit our Labels, Global Podcast Division and Premium Content Division pages to learn more.Look for the CBS "eye" logo on the label. Six-eyes is old (Late 50s to early 60s). Two-eyes is less old (Mid 60s to late 60s). Then, you've got your spare red Columbia labels where "Columbia" is spelled almost in block/upper case/arial font. That's late 60s to mid-70s. After that, it gets tough with the Columbia writing …Independent Record Label. WE'RE NEW AGAIN: On it's 10th anniversary, Makaya McCraven reimagines Gil Scott-Heron's classic album, I'm New Here.Columbia, MD 21044. Typically responds within 13 days. $115,815.73 - $139,477.02 a year. Full-time. Day shift. Easily apply. Familiarity with electronic medical record systems, such as Epic. Maintain accurate and detailed patient records, including examination findings, diagnoses, and…. Employer. Labels & Content Divisions. Columbia Records. Columbia Records Why is Respect Little Mix trending on Twitter? Little Mix fans accuse US label of "sabotaging" their chances at American success. Picture: BBC. Mixers' grievances with Columbia Records and their previous label Syco date all the way back to their first album DNA. The record was an instant international success, … Columbia Label. 1580 Dale Avenue Benton City, WA 99320. Phone: 1-888-791-9590 Columbia Records is an American record label that formed in 1888. It is the oldest existing record company in the world. [2] Its parent company is now Sony Music Entertainment.EMI Records (formerly EMI Records Ltd.) is a British multinational record label owned by Universal Music Group.It was originally founded as a British flagship label by the music company of the same name in 1972, and launched in January 1973 as the successor to its Columbia and Parlophone record labels. The label was later launched worldwide. It …Feb 29, 2020 · By Daniel Kreps. February 29, 2020. Juicy J has dropped the new diss track "Fuk Columbia Records," which features the Three 6 Mafia rapper slamming his record label. Earl Gibson III/Shutterstock ... A few companies, like Costco, Target and Aldi, will be closed. This year, Easter falls on Sunday, March 31. The date the holiday is celebrated changes depending on the year …Columbia Records is an American flagship recording label, under the ownership of Sony Music Entertainment, operating under the Columbia Music Group. It was founded in 1888, evolving …Columbia Records chairman/CEO Ron Perry and executive vp/GM Jen Mallory reflect on 2022, with top artist releases, Grammy buzz and new signings. Something went wrong. There's an issue and the page could not be loaded. Reload page. 635K Followers, 590 Following, 9,957 Posts - See Instagram photos and videos from Columbia Records (@columbiarecords) F Former Capitol Music Group chairman and CEO Jeff Vaughn has landed at Columbia Records, where he’ll launch and oversee a new imprint for the Sony Music label called Signal Records, the company ...October 13th 2021 at 3:20PM. Adele is now officially a major label artist in the UK. The singer will launch her next album campaign with Columbia Records on Friday (October 15) with the release of ...635K Followers, 589 Following, 9,960 Posts - See Instagram photos and videos from Columbia Records (@columbiarecords) 635K Followers, 590 Following, 9,957 Posts - See Instagram photos and videos from Columbia Records (@columbiarecords) Something went wrong. There's an issue and the page could not be loaded. ...When Edison Records folded, Columbia was the oldest surviving record label. 1932 Alongside his significance as a discoverer, promoter, and producer of jazz, blues, and folk artists during the swing music era, Hammond had already been of great help to Columbia in 1932–33.Columbia Phonograph Company, Washington, DC. Please do not confuse with Columbia Phonograph Company Gen'l or Columbia Phonograph Company, Inc. - (Columbia Phonograph Company). Note, though, that between 1937 and 1939, Columbia Phonograph Company, Inc. appears on labels abbreviated as Columbia Phonograph Co. Founded in …Major versus independent record labels. Record labels may be small, localized and "independent" ("indie"), or they may be part of a large international media group, or somewhere in between.The Association of Independent Music (AIM) defines a 'major' as "a multinational company which (together with the companies in its group) has more than …Follow Columbia Records on Spotify. Join the Columbia Records newsletter to stay up to date on your favorite artists! You'll get the latest news, videos, tour dates and more delivered to your inbox every Friday.Columbia Records is an American record label owned by Sony Music, a subsidiary of Sony Corporation of America, the United States division of Sony Corporation. It was founded in 1887 from an earlier enterprise named the American Graphophone Company, the successor to the Volta Graphophone Company. One Direction signed a record deal with Columbia Records in … p { color: #fff; font-family: 'proxima-nova'; line-height: 1.5; } Careers Atlantic Records is one of Warner Music Group’s most prominent and successful labels, encompassing a global roster of acclaimed artists and an unparalleled catalog including many of the world's most popular and influential recordings. In 2017, Atlantic Records Group was ... Mar 22, 2019 · A Atlanta rapper Lil Nas X has signed to Columbia Records, Billboard can confirm. The signing caps off a whirlwind few weeks for the artist. Spurred in part by a TikTok video challenge, his ... Date Records was a sub-label of Columbia Records which had two different incarnations. The first incarnation was a short-lived rockabilly label in 1958 which included a release by Billy "Crash" Craddock. The more significant incarnation was relaunched in February 1966 by industry executive Tom Noonan.Jun 18, 2021 · Here’s a quick rundown of the biggest record labels of 2021, including a look at their history, finances, signed acts, and executive leadership. As a quick overview, Universal Music Group is ... Estimated Value. 78 RPM (10 -12”) Grooved vinyl records with 3 – 5 minutes of playing time per side. 1930 – 1950. $50 – 1200. 33 ⅓ RPM (12”) Simple black label or picture discs with 22 minutes of playing time per side. 1948. $100 – 1300, but rare ones can value up to $7000.In 2020, Weiss launched the label’s Country division, RECORDS Nashville. RECORDS is home to two of the most dynamic young Pop artists in Platinum selling & Grammy nominated Noah Cyrus, and the critically acclaimed Lennon Stella. RECORDS, in partnership with Columbia Records, also released 2019’s …Continuing its partnership with Columbia Records, RECORDS is developing alternative pop up-and-comer 44phantom. San Francisco rapper, 24kGoldn, an organic signing for the label, exploded on the scene with his Platinum breakout hit, “Valentino”, followed by Platinum “City of Angels”. Most notably, 24kGoldn more recently released his 6x ...EMI Records (formerly EMI Records Ltd.) is a British multinational record label owned by Universal Music Group.It was originally founded as a British flagship label by the music company of the same name in 1972, and launched in January 1973 as the successor to its Columbia and Parlophone record labels. The label was later launched worldwide. It … Columbia Record Labels have changed throughout the years. Here's a quick primer on how to tell them apart!And if you love your vinyl records, subscribe to Th... Check the physical record to determine the version of your copy. Columbia Masterworks was renamed CBS Masterworks Records in 1980 and removed from the Columbia label. In 1990 it was again renamed Sony Classical Records because of the sale of CBS Records to the Sony Corporation. The Masterworks brand is currently used on Masterworks Broadway ...March 25, 2024 at 11:06 AM PDT. Listen. 2:45. Cocoa extended its surge — gaining more than $700 per ton in a single day and surpassing $9,000 for the first time ever — as a …Blue-label Columbia releases from 1938 also credit Columbia Phonograph Company, but these should be listed under its successor, Columbia Phonograph Company, Inc. Record company whose name appears only on Columbia Flag labels released between December 1923-December 1924 (and on contemporary custom pressings on the Private Record label).Columbia Pictures didn't get involved in the record business until around 1960, first with Colpix (Columbia + "pix" i.e. pictures,) then Colgems (Columbia + Screen Gems,) both manufactured by RCA Victor; then around 1970 bought the Bell-Mala-Amy labels, which a few years later became Arista.Psychedelic-Woods Records is an independent record label, established 2020 by Maximilian Kraus (Keta Kraus) based in Munich, Germany. Psychedelic-Woods has its roots in the Psytrance scene. The focus is set on deep nighttime frequencies aimed to take the listener on a journey to a higher level of physical and psychological consciousness.Record company, immediate owner of the Columbia (Columbia Records) label (trademark) in the USA, established in the spring of 1939 after Columbia Broadcasting System, Inc. (CBS) had acquired and dissolved American Record Corporation (former owner of the Columbia imprint). The company was renamed … In theory, the first “record label” was Edison Records, but really it was just referring to the cylinders and not a collective of musicians or anything like that. The second record label was Columbia Records. The oldest record label that is still in operation today! Columbia started out as a seller and distributor of Edison Phonographs and ... Why is Respect Little Mix trending on Twitter? Little Mix fans accuse US label of "sabotaging" their chances at American success. Picture: BBC. Mixers' grievances with Columbia Records and their previous label Syco date all the way back to their first album DNA. The record was an instant international success, …The Canadian branch of Columbia/CBS, operating under this name from 15 March 1954 until 08 June 1976, when it was renamed to CBS Records Canada Ltd. Also credited as Columbia Records of Canada Ltd. First headquartered in Toronto, the company moved to the suburb Don Mills in 1960. The company also operated a …Highly touted British rapper Central Cee has signed a joint venture agreement with Columbia Records in partnership with Sony Music U.K., Variety has confirmed. Known to fans as “Cench,” the ...The label was introduced by Columbia Records in 1960 for historical recordings. In 1990, CBS Records relaunched Legacy for reissues and repackaged releases. It has since been used by CBS's successors. (Sometimes indicated as "Legacy Recordings", do … When Climax was replaced by Columbia in mid-1902, the label remained largely unchanged ( figure 3 ). The word “Climax” was simply replaced by the rather obvious “Columbia Disc Record.”. The color scheme became silver-on-black, which it remained for the rest of the single-face era. This design was used until 1904, with several ... Universal Music owns, or has a joint share in, many of the record labels listed here.. According to UMG official site, the main labels are Abbey Road Studios, Bravado, BTM Music Group Inc., Capitol Music Group, Decca Records, Def Jam Recordings, Deutsche Grammophon, EMI, Interscope Geffen A&M, Island Records, Motown Records, Polydor, Republic Records, …Label groups. CBS Records Group [1961-91], Sony-BMG Music Entertainment [2004-08], Sony Music Entertainment [1991-2004, 2008-present] EU label code. LC 00162. Columbia Records is the oldest brand name in recorded sound, dating back to 1888. In 1925, it was bought by its former UK subsidiary Columbia Graphophone, which, after merging with …EMI (originally an initialism for Electric and Musical Industries, also referred to as EMI Records Ltd.) was a British transnational conglomerate founded in March 1931 in London. At the time of its acquisition by Universal Music in 2012, it was the fourth largest business group and record label conglomerate in the music industry, and was one of the "Big Five" record companies (now the …Nov 15, 2022 · The Sony-owned label had nine nominations, with three apiece for its trio of superstars. W With massive successes from superstars Adele, Beyoncé and Harry Styles, Columbia Records landed the most ... Columbia Records. Columbia a été fondé en 1888 et est ainsi la plus ancienne maison de disques au monde. Aujourd’hui, le catalogue Columbia International US & UK est extrêmement vaste: il comprend des icônes historiques telles que Bob Dylan, Bruce Springsteen, Leonard Cohen, David Gilmour ou encore AC/DC, mais aussi toute un …Columbia Records 129. AKA: Columbia Local, Columbia Records Italy, Columbia Records Italia, Columbia, and Columbia Records Inc. @ColumbiaRecords. About Columbia …This info really only applies to US pressings as far as I know. Look at this way, KC denoted all Columbia records released with a list price of say $3.98. Regardless of label, design, product lines. All Columbia records that had the $3.98 list price were prefixed KC. When the MSRP was raised, say to $4.98.RCA Records is an American record label owned by Sony Music Entertainment, a subsidiary of Sony Corporation of America.. RCA Records is one of Sony Music's four flagship labels, alongside RCA's former long-time rival Columbia Records; also Arista Records, and Epic Records.The label has released multiple genres of music, including …Juicy J has dropped the new diss track “Fuk Columbia Records,” which features the Three 6 Mafia rapper blasting his record label. The track, uploaded onto Soundcloud Saturday, follows a series ...The track comes as the first step after IVE signed a worldwide deal with Columbia Records in the States. Columbia will team with IVE’s Korean label Starship Entertainment (home to Monsta X, WJSN ...Columbia, MD 21044. Typically responds within 13 days. $115,815.73 - $139,477.02 a year. Full-time. Day shift. Easily apply. Familiarity with electronic medical record systems, such as Epic. Maintain accurate and detailed patient records, including …Highly touted British rapper Central Cee has signed a joint venture agreement with Columbia Records in partnership with Sony Music U.K., Variety has confirmed. Known to fans as “Cench,” the ...Columbia Records has promoted A&R executives Luis Mota and Maria Arangio to senior vice president and vice president, respectively. The Sony Music label is home to such up-and-coming acts as ...Feb 29, 2020 · By Daniel Kreps. February 29, 2020. Juicy J has dropped the new diss track "Fuk Columbia Records," which features the Three 6 Mafia rapper slamming his record label. Earl Gibson III/Shutterstock ... Explore music from the Columbia Records label. Discover what's missing in your collection and shop for Columbia Records releases.F Former Capitol Music Group chairman and CEO Jeff Vaughn has landed at Columbia Records, where he’ll launch and oversee a new imprint for the Sony Music label called Signal Records, the company ...Cracking the Columbia Records Code. You can find a great deal of information online about matrix codes and their meaning. Unfortunately some of it is incorrect. For example a post on the often useful Steve Hoffman Forums claims that Columbia “cuttings” are A-1st, B-2nd, C-3rd through L-11th and then AA is 12th …Warner Records Inc. (formerly Warner Bros. Records Inc. until 2019) is an American record label.A subsidiary of the Warner Music Group, it is headquartered in Los Angeles, California. It was founded on March 19, 1958, as the recorded music division of the American film studio Warner Bros.. Artists who have recorded for Warner Records include Madonna, Prince, Goo …EMI (originally an initialism for Electric and Musical Industries, also referred to as EMI Records Ltd.) was a British transnational conglomerate founded in March 1931 in London. At the time of its acquisition by Universal Music in 2012, it was the fourth largest business group and record label conglomerate in the music industry, and …NEW YORK, Jan. 2, 2018 /PRNewswire/ — Rob Stringer, CEO, Sony Music Entertainment today announced Ron Perry has been named Chairman & CEO of Columbia Records. Based in New York, Perry will report to Stringer and will be responsible for leading the overall management of Columbia, the label home to many of the most accomplished …However, parts from other companies, such as Longwear Platingwere also used. The Pitman Plant was known to have pressed for: -Pitman pressings on PolyGramlabels (such as Mercury, …(8A-M) Red or gold label with Columbia written around the perimeter 30000 series {1970}. (9) "COLUMBIA HISTORIC EDITION" for classic C&W artists 37400 series {1970}. ... COLUMBIA RECORD CLUB (1) Red label {1950s}. (2) Orange with black and white yoke {late 1960s}. (3A-B) Red label.Columbia Pictures didn't get involved in the record business until around 1960, first with Colpix (Columbia + "pix" i.e. pictures,) then Colgems (Columbia + Screen Gems,) both manufactured by RCA Victor; then around 1970 bought the Bell-Mala-Amy labels, which a few years later became Arista.Our story began in 1887 with the formation of Columbia Records – the oldest surviving label in the recording industry. Today, Sony Music comprises a variety of record labels devoted to every genre of music, from rock and pop to classical, hip hop and R&B.Labels & Content Divisions. Columbia Records. Columbia Records Columbia Records, New York, New York. 253,525 likes · 2,001 talking about this. The Art of Music. Columbia Becomes First Label in History With a 20-Week Run at No. 1 at Top 40 Radio. Adele's "Easy on Me," the Kid Laroi's "Stay" and Lil Nas X's "Industry Baby" contributed to the label's ... When Climax was replaced by Columbia in mid-1902, the label remained largely unchanged ( figure 3 ). The word “Climax” was simply replaced by the rather obvious “Columbia Disc Record.”. The color scheme became silver-on-black, which it remained for the rest of the single-face era. This design was used until 1904, with several ... EMI (originally an initialism for Electric and Musical Industries, also referred to as EMI Records Ltd.) was a British transnational conglomerate founded in March 1931 in London. At the time of its acquisition by Universal Music in 2012, it was the fourth largest business group and record label conglomerate in the music industry, and was one of the "Big Five" record companies (now the …Columbia Records went on to release records by an array of notable singers, instrumentalists, and bands. From 1961 to 1990, its recordings were released outside the U.S. and Canada on the CBS Records label (for Columbia Broadcasting System, its parent from 1938 to 1988) before adopting the Columbia name in most of the world.Columbia, MD 21044. Typically responds within 13 days. $115,815.73 - $139,477.02 a year. Full-time. Day shift. Easily apply. Familiarity with electronic medical record systems, such as Epic. Maintain accurate and detailed patient records, including …Cracking the Columbia Records Code. You can find a great deal of information online about matrix codes and their meaning. Unfortunately some of it is incorrect. For example a post on the often useful Steve Hoffman Forums claims that Columbia “cuttings” are A-1st, B-2nd, C-3rd through L-11th and then AA is 12th …The Label: The Story of Columbia Records is a 2007 book by Gary Marmorstein, about the rise of Columbia Records. It covers how it made its way from the beginning: from signing its own artists, to making them celebrities. References This page was last edited on 17 January 2024 ...COLUMBIA (Europe) L 1500 : COMMODORE (Music Shop) CONQUEROR (1928 - 1941) 7000 - 7500 (1928-30) 7500 - 8000 (1930 - 32) ... Eagle Records; Excelsior Record; Faultless Concert Record; Generic or unbranded label; International Record; Jackson's Challenge Record; Kalamazoo Record; Lyric Record; Mozart Record; New York Grand Opera Record; The ...Columbia used acoustic recording for "budget label" pop product well into 1929 on the labels Harmony, Velvet Tone (both general purpose labels), and Diva (sold exclusively at W.T. Grant stores). When Edison Records folded, Columbia was the oldest surviving record label.Historical Foundation of Columbia Records. Born from the roots of American Graphophone Company and the Volta Graphophone Company, Columbia Records was founded on January 15, 1889. This rich history makes it one of the oldest music labels in recorded sound history.Jun 18, 2021 · Here’s a quick rundown of the biggest record labels of 2021, including a look at their history, finances, signed acts, and executive leadership. As a quick overview, Universal Music Group is ... Columbia Records is the final form of a phonograph business that was started in 1887, which came from the District of Columbia where the business was founded. Over the years, the label has changed hands and gone through many evolutions, especially in the 1960s under the tutelage of Clive Davis.Record Labels. 12/8/2022. Columbia’s Leaders On Their Banner Year, From Adele to Yahritza. Chairman/CEO Ron Perry and executive vp/GM Jen Mallory have guided the label to an …Return to: Columbia Records Overview Skip to: Kolumbi Matrix Coding THE LJC COLUMBIA LABEL CHEAT SHEET Last Update: Dec 3, 2022 Updating: Two Eye label, black arrows 360 audio Early Sechs Eye, Show information 1. Us: The Early Period pre-1956 1.1 Black Columbia "Magic Notes ...As 2021 draws to a close, to say the hits keep on coming for Columbia Records would be an understatement. At press time, Variety’s Hitmakers Label of the Year, led by chairman and CEO Ron Perry ...Mar 15, 2024 · Columbia Records is an American record label owned by Sony Music Entertainment, a subsidiary of Sony Corporation of America, the American division of Japanese conglomerate Sony. It was founded on January 15, 1889, evolving from the American Graphophone Company, the successor to the Volta Graphophone NEW YORK, Jan. 2, 2018 /PRNewswire/ — Rob Stringer, CEO, Sony Music Entertainment today announced Ron Perry has been named Chairman & CEO of Columbia Records. Based in New York, Perry will report to Stringer and will be responsible for leading the overall management of Columbia, the label home to many of the most accomplished …
The records were actually manufactured by the Columbia Phonograph Co. Genl. In December 1910 Columbia acquired the Rena Manufacturing Co. but continued to use the Rena series of numbers. Later the label name was changed to Columbia-Rena Record. In October 1915 all reference to Rena was dropped and the label became just Columbia …. Sbicca del mar
Labels & Content Divisions. Columbia Records. Columbia RecordsThis label has the Columbia/Musical Note logo in a rectangular box. Columbia Records is one of the most famous record companies is the world and is home to some of the most valuable classical music artists including: Martzy, Kogan, Starker, Rabin & Fournier. Here is a guide to vinyl records, Columbia classical record.Columbia Records, one of the oldest and bulk respected manufacturers of phonographs and records was founded in 1888, yours began producing disc notes in 1901. During which 1910s and 1920s, Columbia was one of the almost rife record labels in the Unite States, along with Victor and Brunswick. In 1925, they …Universal Music owns, or has a joint share in, many of the record labels listed here.. According to UMG official site, the main labels are Abbey Road Studios, Bravado, BTM Music Group Inc., Capitol Music Group, Decca Records, Def Jam Recordings, Deutsche Grammophon, EMI, Interscope Geffen A&M, Island Records, Motown Records, Polydor, Republic Records, …Sep 14, 2022 · Thanks for Signing Up Follow Columbia Records on Spotify. Join the Columbia Records newsletter to stay up to date on your favorite artists! You'll get the latest news, videos, tour dates and more delivered to your inbox every Friday. Dec 8, 2022 · Meanwhile, the gains Columbia made in 2021 with The Kid LAROI and Lil Nas X — artists who had found commercial success before Columbia signed them, but who the label helped establish as A-level ... French Columbia shellac codes, sizes, label colours, price codes (1951): BF - 25 cm (10") - brown label (price code Medium) BFX - 30 cm (12") - brown label (price code …March 20, 2024. Scientists in a prominent cancer lab at Columbia University have now had four studies retracted and a stern note added to a fifth accusing it of “severe abuse of the scientific ...Labels & Content Divisions. Columbia Records. Columbia RecordsAccording to Billboard, Harry Styles has officially signed a recording deal with Columbia Records, the same label that signed his former boyband. In lieu of working on Christopher Nolan's film about World War II, Dunkirk, the teenage dream has been on hiatus ever since the 1D split last year. The four solo songs he released last year suggested ...Eventual Columbia president Goddard Lieberson introduced the label's masterful LP evolution at the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel in 1948, and the commercially available long-playing record went supernova.Psychedelic-Woods Records is an independent record label, established 2020 by Maximilian Kraus (Keta Kraus) based in Munich, Germany. Psychedelic-Woods has its roots in the Psytrance scene. The focus is set on deep nighttime frequencies aimed to take the listener on a journey to a higher level of physical and psychological consciousness.Mar 4, 2021 · YouTube / BBC. Singer Miley Cyrus has signed with Columbia Records after seven years and four albums on Sony Music sister label RCA. The move is a natural one for Cyrus, who is managed by Adam ... Columbia Records, one of the oldest and bulk respected manufacturers of phonographs and records was founded in 1888, yours began producing disc notes in 1901. During which 1910s and 1920s, Columbia was one of the almost rife record labels in the Unite States, along with Victor and Brunswick. In 1925, they …Eventual Columbia president Goddard Lieberson introduced the label's masterful LP evolution at the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel in 1948, and the commercially available long-playing record went supernova.Record Label. Columbia Records In The News. Interviews. ‘AI is exciting and terrifying. It’s something we all should be paying significant attention to, especially managers of deceased …According to Billboard, Harry Styles has officially signed a recording deal with Columbia Records, the same label that signed his former boyband. In lieu of working on Christopher Nolan's film about World War II, Dunkirk, the teenage dream has been on hiatus ever since the 1D split last year. The four solo songs he released last year suggested ... Something went wrong. There's an issue and the page could not be loaded. Reload page. 635K Followers, 590 Following, 9,957 Posts - See Instagram photos and videos from Columbia Records (@columbiarecords) March 20, 2024. Scientists in a prominent cancer lab at Columbia University have now had four studies retracted and a stern note added to a fifth accusing it of “severe abuse of the scientific ....